The solar system
The Sun: The sun is the largest object of the solar system. It contains more than 99.8% of the total mass of the solar system(Jupiter contains most of the rest).The sun has nine planets around it: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto.Mercury: Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the eighth largest. In Roman mythology is the god of commerce, travel and thievery, the Roman counterpart of the Greek god Hermes, the messenger of the Gods. The planet probably received this name because it moves so quickly across the sky.Mercury has a small magnetic field whose strength is about 1% of Earth’s. Mercury has no known satellites. Venus: Venus is the second planet from the Sun and the sixth largest. Venus (Greek: Aphrodite; Babylonian: Ishtar) is the goddess of love and beauty. Venus is sometimes called as Earth’s sister planet. In some ways they are very similar: Venus is only slightly smaller than Earth (95% of Earth’s diameter, 80% of Earth’s mass). Both have few craters indicating relatively young surfaces. Venus has no magnetic field, perhaps because of its slow rotation. Venus has no satellites.Earth: Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the fifth largest. Earth is the only planet whose English name does not derive from Greek/Roman mythology. The name derives from Old English and Germanic. 71 Percent of the Earth’s surface is covered with water. The Earth is the only planet with water and oxygen. Earth has only one natural satellite, the Moon, but it has lots of artificial satellites made by people. Mars: Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the seventh largest. Mars (Greek: Ares) is the god of War. The planet probably got this name due to its red color; Mars is sometimes referred to as the Red Planet. Mars has a lot of very high mountains, they are higher then Earth’s. Mars has two tiny satellites: Phobos and Deimos. Their weights are 11 and 6 kg.
Jupiter: Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and by far the largest. Jupiter is more than twice as massive as all the other planets combined (318 times Earth). Jupiter (a.k.a. Jove; Greek Zeus) was the King of the Gods, the ruler of Olympus and the patron of the Roman state. Zeus was the son of Cronus (Saturn). It has 63 satellites.Saturn: Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second largest. In Roman mythology, Saturn is the god of agriculture. The associated Greek god, Cronus, was the son of Uranus and Gaia and the father of Zeus (Jupiter). Saturn is the root of the English word “Saturday”. Saturn has rings around it. Though they look continuous from the Earth, the rings are actually composed of innumerable small particles each in an independent orbit. They range in size from a centimeter or so to several meters. A few kilometer-sized objects are also seen there. Uranus: Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun and the third largest (by diameter). Uranus is larger in diameter but smaller in mass than Neptune. Uranus is the ancient Greek deity of the Heavens, the earliest supreme god. Uranus was the son and mate of Gaia the father of Cronus (Saturn) and of the Cyclopes and Titans (predecessors of the Olympian gods). Like the other gas planets, Uranus has rings. Uranus has 21 named moons and six unnamed ones.Neptune: Neptune is the eighth planet from the Sun and the fourth largest (by diameter). In Roman mythology Neptune (Greek: Poseidon) was the god of the Sea. Neptune also has rings. Neptune has 13 known moons.Pluto: Pluto is the farthest planet from the Sun (usually) and by far the smallest. Pluto is smaller than seven of the solar system’s moons (the Moon, Io, Europa, Ganymede, Callisto, Titan and Triton). In Roman mythology, Pluto (Greek: Hades) is the god of the underworld. Pluto has only one satellite – Charon. Charon is named for the mythological figure who ferried the dead across the River Acheron into Hades (the underworld).